Emerging techniques for pathogen discovery in endophthalmitis

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
Bryan K HongSunir J Garg

Abstract

Despite the inability to detect certain organisms and relatively low yield, microbial culture is the current gold standard for the diagnosis of most intraocular infections. Research on alternative molecular diagnostic methods has produced an array of strategies that augment and improve pathogen detection. This review summarizes the most recent literature on this topic. The yield of traditional microbial culture has not improved since the Endophthalmitis Vitrectomy Study results were published 20 years ago. Advances in PCR methods have enabled quantification of pathogen load and screening for multiple organisms at once. More recently, deep sequencing techniques allow highly sensitive detection of any DNA-based life form in a specimen. This offers the promise of not only improved detection of traditional organisms but can also identify organisms not previously associated with endophthalmitis. Molecular diagnostic methods enhance the results of microbial culture and may become the new standard in the diagnosis of intraocular infections.

References

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Citations

Mar 31, 2017·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Marlene L Durand
Oct 18, 2016·Current Opinion in Ophthalmology·Thuy Doan, Benjamin A Pinsky
Feb 6, 2017·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·David E KuoHatice Nida Sen
Jan 31, 2019·Scientific Reports·Dhanshree DeshmukhS Shivaji
Jul 15, 2017·Eye and Vision·Carl Sjoholm-Gomez de LianoRaul Velez-Montoya
Mar 29, 2020·American Journal of Ophthalmology·Cecilia S LeeUNKNOWN Endophthalmitis Study Group
Apr 11, 2021·The British Journal of Ophthalmology·Abdulrahman F AlBloushiCarlos Pavesio
Jun 3, 2021·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Sixto M LealPeter H Gilligan
Sep 1, 2021·Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology·Qiong HuangYang Cheng
Nov 7, 2021·Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology·Manabu Mochizuki, Sunao Sugita

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
electrophoresis
biopsy
transgenic

Software Mentioned

Biome Representational in Silico Karyotyping ( BRiSK )
BRiSK

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