PMID: 8962482Nov 1, 1996Paper

Emotions are social

British Journal of Psychology
Brian Parkinson

Abstract

In this paper, I question the assumption that emotions are first and foremost individual reactions, and suggest instead that they are often best viewed as social phenomena. I show that many of the causes of emotions are interpersonally, institutionally or culturally defined; that emotions usually have consequences for other people; and that they serve interpersonal as well as cultural functions in everyday life. Furthermore, many cases of emotion are essentially communicative rather than internal and reactive phenomena. Previous research has often underestimated the importance of social factors in the causation and constitution of emotion. In conclusion, I recommend that existing cognitive and physiological approaches to emotional phenomena be supplemented or supplanted by social psychological analysis.

Citations

Feb 14, 2012·Cognitive Processing·Marc Mehu, Klaus R Scherer
Nov 1, 2011·Science and Engineering Ethics·Chase E ThielMichael D Mumford
Sep 29, 2005·Emotion·Catharine EversAntony S R Manstead
Apr 5, 2012·Cognition & Emotion·Brian Parkinson, Gwenda Simons
Apr 5, 2012·Cognition & Emotion·Shlomo Hareli, Ursula Hess
Jan 31, 2013·Cognition & Emotion·Karen BransPhilippe Verduyn
Oct 19, 2012·Social Neuroscience·Gert-Jan LelieveldEveline A Crone
Jul 31, 2012·Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience·María RuzPío Tudela
Sep 4, 2013·Animal Cognition·Anna Ilona RobertsSarah-Jane Vick
Jul 19, 2014·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Martin J TurnerPeter Coffee
Jul 12, 2014·The Spanish Journal of Psychology·Hector P Madrid, Malcolm G Patterson
Feb 26, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Arik CheshinGerben A Van Kleef
Mar 31, 2015·Cognition & Emotion·Andrew G LivingstoneAntony S R Manstead
Sep 3, 2011·The British Journal of Social Psychology·Brian Parkinson
Apr 24, 2014·British Journal of Psychology·Marije aan het RotChristina M Gesing
Apr 4, 2016·Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience·Larissa B Del PieroGayla Margolin
Jul 13, 2006·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology·Gerben A Van KleefAntony S R Manstead
Oct 21, 2015·Frontiers in Psychology·Maxi FreudenbergUrsula Hess
Aug 19, 2015·Frontiers in Psychology·Evert A van DoornJoop van der Pligt
Jan 9, 2015·Social Neuroscience·Koen HogenelstMarije aan het Rot
Mar 15, 2015·Frontiers in Psychology·Colin Wayne LeachAntony S R Manstead
Jul 6, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Gerben A van KleefIris K Schneider
Oct 15, 2005·Personality and Social Psychology Review : an Official Journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc·Brian Parkinson
Jun 6, 2008·Personality & Social Psychology Bulletin·Gerben A Van Kleef, Paul A M Van Lange
Nov 27, 2009·Journal of Psychopharmacology·Marije aan het RotSimon N Young
Jun 23, 2011·Personality and Social Psychology Review : an Official Journal of the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc·Emily A Butler
Mar 6, 2018·Multivariate Behavioral Research·Laura F BringmannFrancis Tuerlinckx
Nov 28, 2013·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·Eduard T KlapwijkGert-Jan Lelieveld
Nov 21, 2017·Development and Psychopathology·Nadja BodnerEva Ceulemans
Oct 26, 2018·Applied Psychology. Health and Well-being·Petra L KlumbAntje Rauers
May 23, 2017·Clinical Psychological Science : a Journal of the Association for Psychological Science·Johanna HeppTimothy J Trull
May 21, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·Hector P Madrid
Mar 23, 2017·British Journal of Psychology·Marije Aan Het RotMariana Bărbuşelu
Aug 24, 2017·Neural Plasticity·Rui DingWenbo Luo
Mar 3, 2018·Journal of Nonverbal Behavior·Corine DijkGerben A van Kleef

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