Empirical field mapping for gradient nonlinearity correction of multi-site diffusion weighted MRI.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Colin B HansenBennett A Landman

Abstract

Achieving inter-site / inter-scanner reproducibility of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) metrics has been challenging given differences in acquisition protocols, analysis models, and hardware factors. Magnetic field gradients impart scanner-dependent spatial variations in the applied diffusion weighting that can be corrected if the gradient nonlinearities are known. However, retrieving manufacturer nonlinearity specifications is not well supported and may introduce errors in interpretation of units or coordinate systems. We propose an empirical approach to mapping the gradient nonlinearities with sequences that are supported across the major scanner vendors. Prospective observational study. A spherical isotropic diffusion phantom, and a single human control volunteer. 3 T (two scanners). Stejskal-Tanner spin echo sequence with b-values of 1000, 2000 s/mm2 with 12, 32, and 384 diffusion gradient directions per shell. We compare the proposed correction with the prior approach using manufacturer specifications against typical diffusion pre-processing pipelines (i.e., ignoring spatial gradient nonlinearities). In phantom data, we evaluate metrics against the ground truth. In human and phantom data, we evaluate...Continue Reading

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