Encapsulated Nanodroplet Crystallization of Organic-Soluble Small Molecules

Chem
Andrew TylerMichael Probert

Abstract

Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis (SCXRD) constitutes a universal approach for the elucidation of molecular structure and the study of crystalline forms. However, the discovery of viable crystallization conditions remains both experimentally challenging and resource intensive in both time and the quantity of analyte(s). We report a robot-assisted, high-throughput method for the crystallization of organic-soluble small molecules in which we employ only micrograms of analyte per experiment. This allows hundreds of crystallization conditions to be screened in parallel with minimal overall sample requirements. Crystals suitable for SCXRD are grown from nanoliter droplets of a solution of analyte in organic solvent(s), each of which is encapsulated within an inert oil to control the rate of solvent loss. This encapsulated nanodroplet crystallization methodology can also be used to search for new crystal forms, as exemplified through both our discovery of a new (13th) polymorph of the olanzapine precursor ROY and SCXRD analysis of the "uncrystallizable" agrochemical dithianon.

Citations

Jul 14, 2020·Angewandte Chemie·Christoph FrickeFranziska Schoenebeck
Sep 6, 2020·Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Structural Chemistry·Jetnipat SongkerdthongDavid J Harding
Jul 25, 2020·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Xiao OuMing Lu
Sep 9, 2020·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Christopher R TaylorJonathan W Steed
Oct 8, 2020·Accounts of Chemical Research·Alice HeskiaJames D Wuest

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
single-crystal
electron diffraction
light optical microscopy
light microscopy
optical microscopy

Software Mentioned

BODIPY
CrystalExplorer
ENaCt
OLEX2
SHELX

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