Endocrine dysfunction in sepsis: a beneficial or deleterious host response?

Germs
Valeriu GheorghiţăFlorin Alexandru Căruntu

Abstract

Sepsis is a systemic, deleterious inflammatory host response triggered by an infective agent leading to severe sepsis, septic shock and multi-organ failure. The host response to infection involves a complex, organized and coherent interaction between immune, autonomic, neuroendocrine and behavioral systems. Recent data have confirmed that disturbances of the autonomic nervous and neuroendocrine systems could contribute to sepsis-induced organ dysfunction. Through this review, we aimed to summarize the current knowledge about the endocrine dysfunction as response to sepsis, specifically addressed to vasopressin, copeptin, cortisol, insulin and leptin. We searched the following readily accessible, clinically relevant databases: PubMed, UpToDate, BioMed Central. The immune system could be regarded as a "diffuse sensory organ" that signals the presence of pathogens to the brain through different pathways, such as the vagus nerve, endothelial activation/dysfunction, cytokines and neurotoxic mediators and the circumventricular organs, especially the neurohypophysis. The hormonal profile changes substantially as a consequence of inflammatory mediators and microorganism products leading to inappropriately low levels of vasopressin, sic...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 2, 2016·BioMed Research International·Stefania BattistaGiulio Mengozzi
May 8, 2018·Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology·Melissa S AssisVania M Ferreira
Dec 7, 2018·Pharmacotherapy·Mitchell S BuckleySandra L Kane-Gill
May 18, 2018·Mediators of Inflammation·Michal HolubOndřej Beran
Jul 7, 2018·BioMed Research International·Renyu DingXiaochun Ma
Apr 18, 2021·BMC Genomics·Xubin ZhengLixin Cheng
May 11, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Almagul KushugulovaSofia K Forslund
Jun 3, 2021·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Weronika WasylukAgnieszka Zwolak

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