PMID: 9662944Jul 15, 1998Paper

Endocrine orbitopathy 1998

Medizinische Klinik
G Förster, G Kahaly

Abstract

Ophthalmopathy is the most common extrathyroidal manifestation of Graves' disease, also called thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy. This autoimmune disorder is characterized by a lymphocyte infiltration of the retrobulbar space. Activated T cells react with the target organ and secrete cytokines, leading to accumulation of glycosaminoglycans, interstitial edema of the peri- and retrobulbar tissue and enlargement of the extraocular muscles. During the inflammatory stage, the increased orbital pressure results in the clinical manifestation of the eye disease. Thus, therapeutic immunosuppression is often used initially, and by suppressing inflammatory changes, it can result in subjective and objective improvement of the thyroid eye disease. In recent years, new pathogenetic aspects and clinical randomized trials led to modified therapy concepts. Interdisciplinary management is recommended for rapid diagnosis and effective therapy of patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy.

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Citations

May 17, 2001·Therapeutic Apheresis : Official Journal of the International Society for Apheresis and the Japanese Society for Apheresis·H ProphetW Ramlow

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