Endogenous Testosterone Levels and Cardiovascular Risk: Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies
Abstract
The relationship between endogenous testosterone (T) levels and cardiovascular (CV) risk in men is conflicting. To verify whether endogenous T levels represent a possible risk factor for CV morbidity and mortality. We conducted a random effect meta-analysis considering all the available data from prospective observational studies comparing subjects with baseline reduced endogenous T levels to those with higher T levels as derived from an extensive MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane search. The identification of relevant studies was performed independently by 2 of the authors (G.R. and G.C.), and conflicts resolved by the third investigator (M.M.). CV mortality and morbidity were investigated. After screening, 37 observational studies, published between 1988 and 2017 including 43,041 subjects with a mean age of 63.5 years and mean follow-up of 333 weeks, were considered. Low endogenous T at enrollment predicted overall and CV mortality, as well as CV morbidity, when both unadjusted and fully adjusted models were considered (odds ratio = 1.26 [CI, 1.17; 1.36], 1.54 [CI, 1.25; 1.89], and 1.17 [CI, 1.01; 1.36]; all P < .05 when overall mortality, CV mortality, and CV incidence and fully adjusted models were considered, respectively). Th...Continue Reading
Citations
Treatment of Estrogen Levels in the Management of Hypogonadism: An Anonymous Survey of ISSM Members.
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