Endometrial status in post-menopausal women on long-term continuous combined hormone replacement therapy (Kliofem). A comparative study of endometrial biopsy, outpatient hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasound

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology
K PiegsaF Bryden

Abstract

Forty post-menopause women using a preparation of 2 mg 17 beta-oestradiol and 1 mg norethisterone acetate (Kliofem) for a mean duration of 2.9 years were investigated in an open, prospective, method comparison study. Main outcome measures were the histology of endometrial biopsy in comparison with clinical evaluation of the endometrium during panoramic hysteroscopy and endometrial thickness measured by transvaginal ultrasound. Thirty-six women had either an inactive atrophic or unassessable endometrial biopsy, the remaining four (10%) showed benign endometrial changes. In the majority of patients the endometrium had a thin and regular appearance on hysteroscopy (92.5% of cases) with an endometrial thickness not exceeding 7 mm (90% of cases). Non-agreement between histology and hysteroscopy or transvaginal ultrasound findings was associated with the presence of polyps and submucosal fibroids, or innocuous endometrial changes such as a pseudodecidual pattern. No case of malignancy was encountered in any patient in this study. The present study suggests that continuous combined hormone replacement therapy appears to be safe with regard to endometrial health. In the majority of women an inactive endometrium or non-assessable biopsy...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jun 18, 2002·Maturitas·Toon Van Gorp, Patrick Neven
Sep 13, 2002·Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica·Janesh K GuptaKhalid S Khan
Nov 25, 2003·Menopause : the Journal of the North American Menopause Society·Tirso Perez-MedinaCamil Castelo-Branco
Sep 24, 1999·British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·E P MorrisJ M Rymer
Dec 16, 2000·BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·D W SturdeeA J Bragg
Jul 29, 2006·Journal of Clinical Pathology·W G McCluggage
May 29, 2001·Journal of Clinical Pathology·K M Feeley, M Wells
Sep 10, 2002·Gynecologic Oncology·M A Gómez-ZubeldiaJ C Millán

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