Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in portal cavernoma cholangiopathy - results from different studies and proposal for uniform terminology

Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
Vikram Bhatia

Abstract

Portal cavernoma cholangiopathy (PCC) refers to a constellation of secondary changes in the biliary tree in patients with chronic portal vein (PV) thrombosis and portal cavernoma formation. These findings of PCC are seen in the extra-hepatic bile duct(s), with or without involvement of the 1st or 2nd degree intra-hepatic bile ducts. Of all patients with chronic PV thrombosis, cholangiographic features of PCC are found in 80%-100%. The biliary changes are symptomatic in a smaller proportion of 5%-38% patients. Choledocholithiasis and hepatolithiasis occur in 5%-20%, independent of the occurrence of cholelithiasis. We review the published literature on cholangiographic description of PCC. We also propose standardized nomenclature for the cholangiographic findings, namely: extrinsic impressions/indentations, shallow impressions, irregular ductal contour, stricture (s), upstream dilatation, filling defects, bile duct angulation, and ectasia.

References

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Citations

Mar 11, 2015·Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology·Radha K DhimanJang B Dilawari
Jul 1, 2016·World Journal of Radiology·Sudheer S PargewarAmar Mukund
Sep 28, 2018·Journal of Hepato-biliary-pancreatic Sciences·Moinak Sen SarmaUjjal Poddar
Apr 11, 2020·Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology·Moinak Sen Sarma, Aathira Ravindranath

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