PMID: 11321441Apr 26, 2001Paper

Endothelial cell dysfunction in microvasculature: relevance to disease processes

Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation
M OdaM Nakamura

Abstract

Functional and morphological alterations of microvascular endothelial cells (ECs) would lead to microcirculatory disturbances, thereby providing a basis for the development of a disease state. Clinically endotoxemia frequently encountered in a variety of diseases is considered to be a trigger to develop the microcirculatory disorders such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) and multiple organ failure (MOF), both of which feature the end stage of severe systemic disease. Experimentally intravital microscopy reveals that continuous venous infusion of endotoxin (LPS) causes a low flow state in the rat mesenteric microcirculatory unit. By vital stain with monastral blue B (MBB), the microvascular ECs are focally positive for MBB at the postcapillary venular site, where leukocytes adhere and extravasate. As shown in the histamine-induced diapedesis by transmission electron microscopy, the MBB-positve venular ECs may correspond to the contracted ECs, enabling the polymorphonuclear leukocytes and erythrocytes to extravasate through the widened gaps between the contracted ECs. Actin filaments proven in the microvascular ECs by electron microscopy may play a modulating role in this neutrophil diapedesis. In the process of ga...Continue Reading

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