PMID: 9439764May 1, 1997Paper

Endotoxin contamination in fetal bovine serum and its influence on tumor necrosis factor production by macrophage-like cells J774.1 cultured in the presence of the serum

International Journal of Immunopharmacology
T KirikaeM Nakano

Abstract

Trace amounts of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide: LPS) are assumed to contaminate commercially available fetal bovine serum (FBS) for tissue or cell culture during the manufacturing process. We examined how cultured cells were affected by the endotoxin and how much endotoxin was in the FBS. Macrophage-like J774.1 cells maintained in RPMI1640 medium supplemented with FBS containing low doses of LPS for 15 or 21 days showed less TNF production in response to LPS than the cells maintained under LPS-free conditions, and the affected responses of the cells were not recovered by an additional 21 day culture in medium with LPS-free FBS. Concentrations of LPS in 40 lots of FBS obtained from 13 international manufacturers were measured by a highly sensitive and LPS-specific chromogenic limulus assay. The median of endotoxin levels in these lots was 46 ng/ml and the maximum was 38.8 ng/ml. Relatively higher concentrations of LPS (> 1 ng/ml) or lower levels (< 10 pg/ml) were found in 9 and 6 lots, respectively. The majority of the FBS lots contained various levels of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, and all lots contained high-density lipoprotein (HDL). However, no correlation was found between LPS and (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan or HDL level in the lots. ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 17, 2014·Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin·Yoshitaka KanayamaYasuo Sakai
May 6, 2008·Journal of Immunological Methods·Robert KikkertLucien A Aarden
Feb 3, 2007·Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin·Yoshitaka KanayamaYasuo Sakai
Nov 28, 2017·Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine·I F UsyninA Yu Gorodetskaya
Oct 15, 2010·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Ting FengCharles O Elson
May 10, 2005·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Ilia N BuhtoiarovAlexander L Rakhmilevich
Dec 21, 2005·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Ilia N BuhtoiarovAlexander L Rakhmilevich
Nov 3, 2020·Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin·Hitomi KawakamiNobuo Kawahara
Feb 4, 2021·Journal of Extracellular Vesicles·Brandon M LehrichMassimo S Fiandaca
Aug 18, 2021·Heliyon·Karthikeyan Subbiahanadar ChelladuraiJohnson Retnaraj Samuel Selvan Christyraj
Sep 7, 2021·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Nina SeidelmannMatthias Fuest

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