PMID: 7034547Dec 1, 1981Paper

Endotoxin-induced hyperinsulinemia and hyperglucagonemia after experimental liver injury

The American Journal of Physiology
R P Cornell

Abstract

Basal portal and systemic venous hyperinsulinemia and hyperglucagonemia were present in fasted rats at 24 h after experimental liver injury by partial (67%) hepatectomy, carbon tetrachloride gavage, and intravenous D-galactosamine administration. Both enhanced pancreatic hormone secretion and depressed hepatic hormone extraction were likely responsible for the insulin and glucagon oversupply. Endogenous gut-derived endotoxin is proposed as the causative factor for the exaggerated hormonal response because intravenous exogenous endotoxin elicited an identical elevation of insulin and glucagon. Systemic endotoxemia at 24 h after liver injury was indicated by marked (78-100%) lethality in lead-sensitized rats and positive Limulus lysate gelation tests of plasma samples. Furthermore, antiendotoxin treatments, including endotoxin tolerance, polymyxin B, and gut sterilization, significantly reduced both lead-sensitized lethality and hyperinsulinemic and hyperglucagonemic responses at 24 h in most liver-injury groups. Portal versus systemic venous administration of endotoxin at a low dose implied that normal endotoxin phagocytosis by the liver suppressed the pancreatic endocrine response. A physiological negative-feedback control syst...Continue Reading

References

Nov 1, 1979·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·C GalanosW Reutter
May 1, 1976·Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine·D L SewellB S Wostmann
Apr 1, 1967·Journal of Bacteriology·D Rifkind
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Jul 1, 1970·Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine·J P Filkins
Dec 10, 1970·The New England Journal of Medicine·J LevinR S Oser

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Citations

Feb 23, 2010·Nature Reviews. Endocrinology·Thomas Mandrup-PoulsenMarc Yves Donath
Apr 1, 2006·American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology·Nadeem SheikhGiuliano Ramadori

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