Engineering Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for Clinical Settings

Nanobiomedicine
Aitziber L CortajarenaAngel Ayuso-Sacido

Abstract

Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) occupy a privileged position among magnetic nanomaterials with potential applications in medicine and biology. They have been widely used in preclinical experiments for imaging contrast enhancement, magnetic resonance, immunoassays, cell tracking, tissue repair, magnetic hyperthermia and drug delivery. Despite these promising results, their successful translation into a clinical setting is strongly dependent upon their physicochemical properties, toxicity and functionalization possibilities. Currently, IONPs-based medical applications are limited to the use of non-functionalized IONPs smaller than 100 nm, with overall narrow particle size distribution, so that the particles have uniform physical and chemical properties. However, the main entry of IONPs into the scene of medical application will surely arise from their functionalization possibilities that will provide them with the capacity to target specific cells within the body, and hence to play a role in the development of specific therapies. In this review, we offer an overview of their basic physicochemical design parameters, giving an account of the progress made in their functionalization and current clinical applications. We place speci...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
dynamic light scattering
MDA
imaging technique

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT01975116
NCT00914914
NCT01806675
NCT00565721
NCT01492192
NCT01961583
NCT00379132
NCT00733798
NCT00040573
NCT01711398

Software Mentioned

GastroMARK
MagForce
AMAROUT

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