Enhancement of cell membrane invaginations, vesiculation and uptake of macromolecules by protonation of the cell surface.

PloS One
Nadav Ben-Dov, Rafi Korenstein

Abstract

The different pathways of endocytosis share an initial step involving local inward curvature of the cell's lipid bilayer. It has been shown that to generate membrane curvature, proteins or lipids enforce transversal asymmetry of the plasma membrane. Thus it emerges as a general phenomenon that transversal membrane asymmetry is the common required element for the formation of membrane curvature. The present study demonstrates that elevating proton concentration at the cell surface stimulates the formation of membrane invaginations and vesiculation accompanied by efficient uptake of macromolecules (Dextran-FITC, 70 kD), relative to the constitutive one. The insensitivity of proton induced uptake to inhibiting treatments and agents of the known endocytic pathways suggests the entry of macromolecules to proceeds via a yet undefined route. This is in line with the fact that neither ATP depletion, nor the lowering of temperature, abolishes the uptake process. In addition, fusion mechanism such as associated with low pH uptake of toxins and viral proteins can be disregarded by employing the polysaccharide dextran as the uptake molecule. The proton induced uptake increases linearly in the extracellular pH range of 6.5 to 4.5, and posse...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 1, 2013·Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal·Victoria C CoggerDavid G Le Couteur
Feb 7, 2013·Experimental Cell Research·Nadav Ben-Dov, Rafi Korenstein
Mar 19, 2015·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·Renata NegriniRaffaele Mezzenga
Sep 30, 2015·Oncotarget·Amotz ShemiYechezkel Barenholz
Jul 13, 2018·JCI Insight·Ekaterina TanevaBetsy C Herold
Jul 13, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Markus RitterHubert H Kerschbaum

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transmission electron microscopy
flow cytometry
confocal microscopy
FACS
Fluorescence
FCS

Software Mentioned

Illustrator CS
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cyflogic
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