Enhancer DNA methylation in acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
Leonidas Benetatos, George Vartholomatos

Abstract

DNA methylation (CpG methylation) exerts an important role in normal differentiation and proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells and their differentiated progeny, while it has also the ability to regulate myeloid versus lymphoid fate. Mutations of the epigenetic machinery are observed in hematological malignancies including acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) resulting in hyper- or hypo-methylation affecting several different pathways. Enhancers are cis-regulatory elements which promote transcription activation and are characterized by histone marks including H3K27ac and H3K4me1/2. These gene subunits are target gene expression 'fine-tuners', are differentially used during the hematopoietic differentiation, and, in contrast to promoters, are not shared by the different hematopoietic cell types. Although the interaction between gene promoters and DNA methylation has extensively been studied, much less is known about the interplay between enhancers and DNA methylation. In hematopoiesis, DNA methylation at enhancers has the potential to discriminate between fetal and adult erythropoiesis, and also is a regulatory mechanism in granulopoiesis through repression of neutrophil-specific enhancers in proge...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 23, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Cristina TurcasCiprian Tomuleasa
Mar 8, 2020·Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte·Leonidas BenetatosGeorge Vartholomatos
Jun 12, 2020·Molecular Oncology·Pedro BlecuaManel Esteller

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
MDS
acetylation

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