Enhancing effect of serum ultrafiltrate on the activity of cephalosporins against gram-negative bacilli.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
J E Leggett, W A Craig

Abstract

A few studies have suggested that the inhibitory effect of serum on activity of broad-spectrum cephalosporins is less than that predicted by the degree of protein binding. Microdilution MICs of ceftriaxone, cefoperazone, moxalactam, and ceftizoxime were therefore determined against ATCC and clinical strains of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus in Mueller-Hinton broth containing either human albumin (as 0, 2.5, or 5% solution) or heat-inactivated human serum (as 0, 25, 50, or 95% solution). Arithmetic linear dilutions were used to improve accuracy. For standard bacterial strains, MICs in the presence of 5% albumin were higher than in broth alone by multiples of 10.9 to 21 for ceftriaxone, 5.5 to 16.4 for cefoperazone, 1.9 to 3.7 for moxalactam, and 1.1 to 1.4 for ceftizoxime, as expected by their protein binding. MICs in the presence of 95% serum were similar to those in 5% albumin for all four drugs against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa but were 2.2- to 4.8-fold lower (P less than 0.001) against E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Similar findings were observed at lower protein concentrations and with clinical isolates, except that for some strains of P. aeruginosa MICs were lower i...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 26, 2010·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Francis F ArhinGregory Moeck
Sep 10, 2008·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Stephan SchmidtHartmut Derendorf
May 4, 2011·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Markus A ZeitlingerUrsula Theuretzbacher
Nov 1, 1990·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·T M PerlR P Wenzel
Jun 1, 1991·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·R J DavidsonD J Hoban
Jan 1, 1992·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·H Pruul, P J McDonald
Jul 18, 2000·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·A LefortB Fantin
Aug 26, 2004·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·David E NixEmily C Ferguson
Jul 27, 2004·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Sharath S HegdeJ Kevin Judice
Jun 18, 2014·ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters·Tsung-Hao FuGregory N Tew
Feb 11, 2005·The Annals of Pharmacotherapy·Gary E SteinEllie J C Goldstein
Nov 22, 2017·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Axel Dalhoff
Oct 9, 2004·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·M A ZeitlingerC Joukhadar

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