Entero- and parechovirus distributions in surface water and probabilities of exposure to these viruses during water recreation

Water Research
W J LodderP F M Teunis

Abstract

Numerous studies have reported quantitative data on viruses in surface waters generated using different methodologies. In the current study, the impact of the use of either cell culture-based or molecular-based methods in quantitative microbial risk assessment was assessed. Previously and newly generated data on the presence of infectious human enteroviruses (HEV) and enterovirus and parechovirus RNA were used to estimate distributions of virus concentrations in surface waters. Because techniques for the detection of infectious human parechoviruses (HPeV) in surface waters were not available, a 'Parallelogram Approach' was used to estimate their concentrations based on the ratio infectious HEV/HEV RNA. The obtained virus concentrations were then used to estimate the probability of exposure for children during recreation in such virus contaminated surface waters. Human enterovirus cell culture/PCR ratios ranged from 2.3 × 10(-3) to 0.28. This broad range of ratios indicates that care should be taken in assuming a fixed ratio for assessing the risk with PCR based virus concentrations. The probabilities of exposure to both enteroviruses and parechoviruses were calculated, using our Parallelogram Approach for the calculation of inf...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 30, 2016·Euro Surveillance : Bulletin Européen Sur Les Maladies Transmissibles = European Communicable Disease Bulletin·Erwin DuizerJack Schijven
Aug 9, 2016·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Thomas KistemannHans-Curt Flemming
Apr 22, 2018·Current Environmental Health Reports·Andrew F BrouwerJoseph N S Eisenberg
Sep 16, 2018·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Ana K PitolTimothy R Julian
Aug 8, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Chong-Miao ZhangXiaochang C Wang

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