PMID: 2115017Jul 1, 1990Paper

Enterotoxins from Clostridium difficile; diarrhoeogenic potency and morphological effects in the rat intestine

Gut
J F TorresI Lönnroth

Abstract

The action of toxins A, B, and C from Clostridium difficile was studied in the small intestine and colon of rats. All three caused fluid accumulation in the small intestine, maximal secretion being induced by 1 micrograms of toxin A, 20 micrograms of B, and 15 micrograms of C. Both toxins A and C caused shedding of epithelial cells from the villi without visible damage to crypt cells; toxin A caused further extensive necrosis and bleeding. Toxin B caused secretion without visible damage to the epithelial cells, though this activity was unstable and decreased significantly after one week of storage. In the colon, toxin A caused secretion and shedding of surface epithelial cells without damage to crypt cells, toxin C caused only a weak secretion, and toxin B had no effect at all. In terms of immunohistochemistry, it was found that toxin A bound to the enterocytes at the tips of the villi but not to goblet and crypt cells. The complex expression or interaction of the toxins produced by Cl difficile may explain the broad spectrum of disease (diarrhoea, colitis, and pseudomembranous colitis) associated with this micro-organism.

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Citations

Jan 1, 1991·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·C Fiorentini, M Thelestam
Apr 1, 1992·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·J TorresO Muñoz
Jul 1, 1993·International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents·C PothoulakisJ T Lamont
Mar 1, 1995·Journal of Lipid Mediators and Cell Signalling·M FontelesR L Guerrant
Jun 1, 1994·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·S LangeI Lönnroth
May 1, 1995·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·M RieglerJ T LaMont
Aug 1, 1996·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·C PothoulakisJ T LaMont
Feb 18, 2016·International Journal of Inflammation·Steven R Vigna
Oct 14, 2008·Gastroenterology·Xinhua ChenCiarán P Kelly
Nov 18, 2003·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·Ivar LönnrothJavier Torres
May 5, 2012·Gut Microbes·Emma L BestMark H Wilcox
May 16, 2014·Surgical Infections·Hue ThaiMichele Loor
Jan 23, 2003·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Douglas C McVeySteven R Vigna
Jul 15, 2015·Terapevticheskiĭ arkhiv·E Yu Plotnikova, Yu V Zakharova
May 29, 1998·Infection and Immunity·G M CalderónJ A Enciso
Jul 1, 1993·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·F C KnoopI C Crocker

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