Enterovirus and Encephalitis

Frontiers in Microbiology
Bo-Shiun ChenShin-Ru Shih

Abstract

Enterovirus-induced infection of the central nervous system (CNS) results in acute inflammation of the brain (encephalitis) and constitutes a significant global burden to human health. These viruses are thought to be highly cytolytic, therefore normal brain function could be greatly compromised following enteroviral infection of the CNS. A further layer of complexity is added by evidence showing that some enteroviruses may establish a persistent infection within the CNS and eventually lead to pathogenesis of certain neurodegenerative disorders. Interestingly, enterovirus encephalitis is particularly common among young children, suggesting a potential causal link between the development of the neuroimmune system and enteroviral neuroinvasion. Although the CNS involvement in enterovirus infections is a relatively rare complication, it represents a serious underlying cause of mortality. Here we review a selection of enteroviruses that infect the CNS and discuss recent advances in the characterization of these enteroviruses with regard to their routes of CNS infection, tropism, virulence, and immune responses.

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Citations

Jan 8, 2021·Viruses·Roberta IbbaGiuseppina Sanna
Jan 28, 2021·Food and Environmental Virology·Nicole S UpfoldCaroline Knox
Jan 28, 2021·Viruses·Christine E Peters, Jan E Carette
Oct 30, 2020·Foods·Andreana Pexara, Alexander Govaris
Jan 17, 2021·Viruses·Lamprini PosnakoglouAthanasios Michos
Nov 14, 2020·Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy·Han Kang TeeYoke Fun Chan
Mar 7, 2021·Vaccines·Mei-Ling LiGary Brewer
Apr 23, 2021·Virology Journal·Yanli ChenLongding Liu
Aug 28, 2021·Microorganisms·Ines Cordeiro FilipeCaroline Tapparel
Oct 10, 2020·Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology·Houman SotoudehAparna Singhal
Nov 3, 2021·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Jie ChenShen-Ying Zhang

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