Environmental DNA allows upscaling spatial patterns of biodiversity in freshwater ecosystems.

Nature Communications
Luca CarraroF. Altermatt

Abstract

The alarming declines of freshwater biodiversity call for efficient biomonitoring at fine spatiotemporal scales, such that conservation measures be grounded upon accurate biodiversity data. Here, we show that combining environmental DNA (eDNA) extracted from stream water samples with models based on hydrological first principles allows upscaling biodiversity estimates for aquatic insects at very high spatial resolution. Our model decouples the diverse upstream contributions to the eDNA data, enabling the reconstruction of taxa distribution patterns. Across a 740-km2 basin, we obtain a space-filling biodiversity prediction at a grain size resolution of 1-km long stream sections. The model's accuracy in matching direct observations of aquatic insects' local occurrence ranges between 57-100%. Our results demonstrate how eDNA can be used for high-resolution biodiversity assessments in rivers with minimal prior knowledge of the system. Our approach allows identification of biodiversity hotspots that could be otherwise overlooked, enabling implementation of focused conservation strategies.

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Citations

Feb 4, 2021·Scientific Reports·Nathaniel T MarshallSubba Rao Chaganti
Apr 14, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Heather D VeilleuxChris N Glover
May 16, 2021·Scientific Reports·Rosetta C BlackmanFlorian Altermatt
Jul 16, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Mohan AmarasiriKazunari Sei

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
amplicon sequencing
PCR

Software Mentioned

GIS
usearch
lite
prinseq
TauDEM
cutadapt
R
FastQC
Flash
Sintax

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