Environmental extremes drive population structure at the northern range limit of Atlantic salmon in North America

Molecular Ecology
Emma SylvesterIan R Bradbury

Abstract

Conservation of exploited species requires an understanding of both genetic diversity and the dominant structuring forces, particularly near range limits, where climatic variation can drive rapid expansions or contractions of geographic range. Here, we examine population structure and landscape associations in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) across a heterogeneous landscape near the northern range limit in Labrador, Canada. Analysis of two amplicon-based data sets containing 101 microsatellites and 376 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 35 locations revealed clear differentiation between populations spawning in rivers flowing into a large marine embayment (Lake Melville) compared to coastal populations. The mechanisms influencing the differentiation of embayment populations were investigated using both multivariate and machine-learning landscape genetic approaches. We identified temperature as the strongest correlate with genetic structure, particularly warm temperature extremes and wider annual temperature ranges. The genomic basis of this divergence was further explored using a subset of locations (n = 17) and a 220K SNP array. SNPs associated with spatial structuring and temperature mapped to a diverse set of genes an...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 20, 2019·The Journal of Animal Ecology·Daniel J BeckerRaina K Plowright
Nov 16, 2019·Annual Review of Animal Biosciences·Robin S WaplesCraig R Primmer
Nov 5, 2020·Journal of Evolutionary Biology·Ksenia J ZuevaVictoria L Pritchard
Feb 24, 2021·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Evlyn PlessGiuseppe Amatulli

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