Abstract
Lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), and cadmium (Cd) are common heavy metal toxins and cause toxicological renal effects at high levels, but the relevance of low-level environmental exposures in the general population is controversial. A total of 1,797 adults who participated in the KNHANES (a cross-sectional nationally representative survey in Korea) were examined, and 128 of them (7.1%) had chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our study assessed the association between Pb, Hg, Cd exposure, and CKD. Blood Pb and Cd levels were correlated with CKD in univariate logistic regression model. However, these environmental heavy metals were not associated with CKD after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, smoking, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes, and these metals in multivariate logistic regression models. We stratified the analysis according to hypertension or diabetes. In the adults with hypertension or diabetes, CKD had a significant association with elevated blood Cd after adjustment, but no association was present with blood Pb and Hg. The corresponding odds ratio [OR] of Cd for CKD were 1.52 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.19, P=0.026) in adults with hypertension and 1.92 (95% CI, 1.14-3.25, P=0.014) in adults with diabetes. Environmental ...Continue Reading
References
Jan 7, 1998·Environmental Health Perspectives·H HuD Smith
Nov 7, 1999·Lancet·P HotzR Lauwerys
Oct 31, 2001·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·L HellströmO Axelson
Mar 21, 2002·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·Lars Järup
Dec 4, 2002·Environmental Health Perspectives·Ing-Marie OlssonAgneta Oskarsson
Mar 13, 2003·Kidney International·Paul MuntnerVecihi Batuman
Feb 6, 2004·British Medical Bulletin·Lars Järup
Jun 9, 2004·Circulation·Ana Navas-AcienEliseo Guallar
Nov 3, 2005·Environmental Health Perspectives·Agneta AkessonStaffan Skerfving
Jun 13, 2006·Life Sciences·Walter C ProzialeckJames M Woods
Oct 26, 2006·Kidney International·E B EkongV M Weaver
Nov 23, 2006·Toxicology·Sandy ThijssenEmmy Van Kerkhove
Apr 14, 2007·Environmental Health Perspectives·Ana Navas-AcienStephen J Rothenberg
Jan 17, 2008·Environmental Health Perspectives·Maria Tellez-PlazaEliseo Guallar
Mar 24, 2009·International Journal of Biological Sciences·Hanaa A HassanAllal Ouhtit
Mar 31, 2009·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Joshua R Edwards, Walter C Prozialeck
Jun 23, 2009·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·James P LashUNKNOWN Chronic Renal Insufficiency Cohort (CRIC) Study Group
Aug 25, 2009·American Journal of Epidemiology·Ana Navas-AcienVirginia Weaver
Jan 22, 2010·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Shi-Jun LiZhi-Hong Liu
Feb 2, 2010·American Journal of Kidney Diseases : the Official Journal of the National Kidney Foundation·Marie EvansCarl-Gustaf Elinder
Apr 1, 2010·Biometals : an International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine·Nikhil JohriRobert Unwin
May 5, 2010·Advances in Chronic Kidney Disease·Peter SoderlandJames S Kaufman
Jun 8, 2010·BMC Public Health·Pietro Manuel FerraroGiovanni Gambaro
Jun 23, 2010·BMC Family Practice·Julia Hippisley-Cox, Carol Coupland
Jul 9, 2010·Nephrology·Shang-Jyh HwangHung-Chun Chen
Oct 15, 2010·Kidney International·Marie Evans, Carl-Gustaf Elinder
Jan 21, 2011·Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation : Official Publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association·June T SpectorVirginia M Weaver
Aug 16, 2011·Lancet·Andrew S Levey, Josef Coresh
Jan 25, 2013·Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source·Johan Nilsson SommarIngvar A Bergdahl
Citations
Mar 16, 2016·Toxicological Research·Rodjana Chunhabundit
Apr 9, 2016·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Sumontha NookabkaewJutamaad Satayavivad
Apr 14, 2016·Journal of Nephrology·Peng XieYan Qu
Aug 5, 2016·International Urology and Nephrology·Jinghua WangXiao-Jie Huang
Aug 27, 2016·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Christy C BridgesRudolfs K Zalups
Oct 7, 2016·Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Min Soo JungHan Soo Song
Dec 15, 2016·Scientific Reports·Rong ZhouXingya Kuang
Jan 31, 2017·The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine·Soisungwan SatarugGlenda C Gobe
Feb 27, 2018·Nature Reviews. Nephrology·Xin XuFan Fan Hou
Apr 7, 2016·Journal of Korean Medical Science·Won-Ju ParkJai-Dong Moon
Oct 20, 2018·Current Environmental Health Reports·Emily C MoodyAlison P Sanders
Sep 7, 2017·Journal of Korean Medical Science·Kyung Wook Kang, Won Ju Park
Oct 17, 2017·Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Hyun Chan AnYangho Kim
May 20, 2019·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Chi ZhangFen Huang
Jun 5, 2019·Renal Failure·Peng XieLing-Ge Wei
Apr 29, 2020·Environmental Geochemistry and Health·Shiqi TianQian Lu
Jan 20, 2018·Oncotarget·Ming WuLingkai Su
Aug 19, 2016·PloS One·Xiaofeng WangJianlin Lou
Feb 11, 2020·Cardiology in Review·Daniel GlicklichWilliam H Frishman
Mar 15, 2018·Toxics·Soisungwan Satarug
Aug 6, 2020·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Ilse J M HagedoornGozewijn D Laverman
Feb 24, 2016·Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine·Chan-Seok MoonMasayuki Ikeda
Jan 13, 2017·Briefings in Bioinformatics·Ping ZhangVladimir Brusic
May 13, 2017·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Sarah E Orr, Christy C Bridges
Mar 25, 2017·Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health. Part B, Critical Reviews·Christy C Bridges, Rudolfs K Zalups
May 5, 2018·Toxics·Soisungwan SatarugPatricia Ruiz
Jan 11, 2020·Immune Network·Jihyun KimKangmo Ahn
Aug 7, 2019·Clinical Kidney Journal·Soisungwan SatarugDavid A Vesey
Aug 14, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Joshua W SchaefferLee S Newman
May 7, 2019·Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology·Sarah Fahad AlrayyesUmar Farooq Dar
Jul 7, 2020·Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·Jeonghwan LeeJung Pyo Lee
Oct 18, 2020·Toxics·Soisungwan SatarugKenneth R Phelps
Feb 9, 2019·Environment International·Brij Mohan SharmaMartin Scheringer
Nov 13, 2018·Environmental Research·Yu ZangHerman J Gibb
Sep 15, 2020·Environment International·Xin WangSung Kyun Park
Nov 2, 2020·Environmental Research·Jianghong LiuTina Wu
May 8, 2021·Critical Reviews in Toxicology·Cyrus JaliliSajjad Moradi
May 29, 2021·The American Journal of the Medical Sciences·Daniel Glicklich, William H Frishman
Jul 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Do-Won KimChoong-Hee Park
Aug 28, 2021·Biomolecules·Jan AasethValeria Marina Nurchi
Sep 2, 2021·PeerJ·Mohd Faizal MadrimRozita Hod
Oct 14, 2021·International Urology and Nephrology·Humairat H RahmanStuart H Munson-McGee