Environmental modifiers of RTS,S/AS01 malaria vaccine efficacy in Lilongwe, Malawi.

BMC Public Health
Griffin J BellIrving Hoffman

Abstract

RTS,S/AS01 is the first vaccine against malaria to undergo pilot implementation, beginning in 2019 and vaccinating 360,000 children per year in Malawi, Ghana, and Kenya. The four-dose vaccine is given as a primary three-dose series with a fourth dose given approximately 18 months later. The efficacy of RTS,S/AS01 was variable among the 11 sites participating in the 2009-2014 phase III trial (MALARIA-055, NCT00866619), possibly due to differences in transmission intensity. However, a within-site examination of environmental factors related to transmission intensity and their impact on vaccine efficacy has yet to be conducted. We implemented the phase III RTS,S/AS01 trial at the Malawi site, which enrolled 1578 infants (6-12 weeks) and children (5-17 months) living in the Lilongwe District in Central Malawi and followed them for 3 years between 2009 and 2014. A global positioning system survey and an ecological questionnaire were conducted to collect participant household locations and characteristics, while additional data on background malaria prevalence were obtained from a concurrent Malaria Transmission Intensity (MTI) survey. Negative binomial regression models were used to assess whether the efficacy of the vaccine varied ...Continue Reading

References

Dec 12, 2012·Bulletin of the World Health Organization·Vasee S MoorthyJoachim Hombach
Nov 16, 2013·Science·M C HansenJ R G Townshend
Jun 30, 2016·The New England Journal of Medicine·Ally OlotuPhilip Bejon
Jul 14, 2019·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Alassane Dicko, Brian Greenwood

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Citations

Jun 22, 2021·Current Tropical Medicine Reports·Geoffrey GuentherDouglas Postels
Aug 10, 2021·Current Epidemiology Reports·Griffin J BellJeffrey A Bailey
Jan 15, 2022·Journal of Comparative Effectiveness Research·Maria José Labis da CostaIsabella Piassi Dias Godói

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Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT00866619

Software Mentioned

OpenStreetMap
R
QGIS
lme4

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