Environmental responsiveness of tubulin glutamylation in sensory cilia is regulated by the p38 MAPK pathway

Scientific Reports
Yoshishige KimuraMitsutoshi Setou

Abstract

Glutamylation is a post-translational modification found on tubulin that can alter the interaction between microtubules (MTs) and associated proteins. The molecular mechanisms regulating tubulin glutamylation in response to the environment are not well understood. Here, we show that in the sensory cilia of Caenorhabditis elegans, tubulin glutamylation is upregulated in response to various signals such as temperature, osmolality, and dietary conditions. Similarly, tubulin glutamylation is modified in mammalian photoreceptor cells following light adaptation. A tubulin glutamate ligase gene ttll-4, which is essential for tubulin glutamylation of axonemal MTs in sensory cilia, is activated by p38 MAPK. Amino acid substitution of TTLL-4 has revealed that a Thr residue (a putative MAPK-phosphorylation site) is required for enhancement of tubulin glutamylation. Intraflagellar transport (IFT), a bidirectional trafficking system specifically observed along axonemal MTs, is required for the formation, maintenance, and function of sensory cilia. Measurement of the velocity of IFT particles revealed that starvation accelerates IFT, which was also dependent on the Thr residue of TTLL-4. Similarly, starvation-induced attenuation of avoidance...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 6, 2020·Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience·Prita R AsihArne Ittner
Oct 18, 2020·Developmental Neurobiology·Jyothi S Akella, Maureen M Barr
Jan 5, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Irem Avcilar-Kucukgoze, Anna Kashina
Mar 23, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Wen-Ting YangYu-Chun Lin
Jun 8, 2021·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Wei WangPamela V Tran
Aug 4, 2021·Neuropharmacology·Leonid L MorozDaria Y Romanova

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transmission electron microscopy
environmental stress
GTPase
amino acid exchange
transgenic
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

Excel
StatPlus

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