Environmental risk assessments for transgenic crops producing output trait enzymes.

Transgenic Research
Alan RaybouldTerry Stone

Abstract

The environmental risks from cultivating crops producing output trait enzymes can be rigorously assessed by testing conservative risk hypotheses of no harm to endpoints such as the abundance of wildlife, crop yield and the rate of degradation of crop residues in soil. These hypotheses can be tested with data from many sources, including evaluations of the agronomic performance and nutritional quality of the crop made during product development, and information from the scientific literature on the mode-of-action, taxonomic distribution and environmental fate of the enzyme. Few, if any, specific ecotoxicology or environmental fate studies are needed. The effective use of existing data means that regulatory decision-making, to which an environmental risk assessment provides essential information, is not unnecessarily complicated by evaluation of large amounts of new data that provide negligible improvement in the characterization of risk, and that may delay environmental benefits offered by transgenic crops containing output trait enzymes.

References

Aug 15, 1992·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·N HuangR L Rodriguez
Nov 9, 1968·The Veterinary Record·C M Gould
Sep 1, 1997·Nucleic Acids Research·S F AltschulD J Lipman
Oct 9, 1999·Biotechnology Progress·L R LyndT U Gerngross
Feb 14, 2002·Journal of Biotechnology·Marc J E C van der MaarelL Dijkhuizen
May 23, 2002·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Laura S Privalle
Apr 25, 2003·Poultry Science·J BrakeJ Stein
Mar 24, 2005·Poultry Science·J BrakeJ Stein
May 14, 2005·Archives of Animal Nutrition·Gerhard FlachowskyKaren Aulrich
Jan 28, 2006·Science·Arthur J RagauskasTimothy Tschaplinski
May 17, 2006·Current Opinion in Biotechnology·Mariam Sticklen
Dec 13, 2006·Trends in Plant Science·Katy L JohnsonGuy M Poppy
Feb 6, 2007·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Vijay A K B GundiB Rajasekhar Reddy
Mar 3, 2007·Environmental Biosafety Research·Monica Garcia-AlonsoFrancesca Tencalla
May 3, 2007·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Johnathan A Napier
Aug 19, 2007·Transgenic Research·Saharah Moon Chapotin, Jeffrey D Wolt
Nov 22, 2007·Plant Biotechnology Journal·Stuart Smyth, Alan McHughen
Jun 1, 1996·Ecotoxicology·P J Campbell, S P Hoy

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Jan 1, 2014·Functional & Integrative Genomics·Bentol Hoda ModirroostaFoad Moradi
Nov 2, 2013·Transgenic Research·Andrew RobertsAlan Gray
Oct 25, 2013·Transgenic Research·Monica Garcia-Alonso, Alan Raybould
Jun 12, 2013·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Owen A HoekengaAndrew Bartholomaeus

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
transgenic
genetic
genetic modification
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Software Mentioned

BLASTP

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.