Enzyme and microbial technology for synthesis of bioactive oligosaccharides: an update

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Rachel Ruizhen Chen

Abstract

Oligosaccharides, in either free or bound forms, play crucial roles in a wide range of biological processes. Increasing appreciation of their roles in cellular communication, interaction, pathogenesis, and prebiotic functions has stimulated tremendous interests in their synthesis. Pure and structurally defined oligosaccharides are essential for fundamental studies. On the other hand, for those with near term medical and nutraceutical applications, their large-scale synthesis is necessary. Unfortunately, oligosaccharides are notoriously difficult in their synthesis, and their enormous diverse structures leave a vast gap between what have been synthesized in laboratory and those present in various biological systems. While enzymes and microbes are nature's catalysts for oligosaccharides, their effective use is not without challenges. Using examples of galactose-containing oligosaccharides, this review analyzes the pros and cons of these two forms of biocatalysts and provides an updated view on the status of biocatalysis in this important field. Over the past few years, a large number of novel galactosidases were discovered and/or engineered for improved synthesis via transglycosylation. The use of salvage pathway for regeneration...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 16, 2019·Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology·Fatima Enam, Thomas J Mansell
Nov 30, 2019·Nature Communications·Hanne L P TytgatTimothy G Keys
Oct 22, 2019·Biotechnology and Bioengineering·Lingfeng LongRachel Chen
Jul 16, 2020·Biotechnology Journal·Katharina N SchwaigerBernd Nidetzky
Mar 8, 2019·Interface Focus·Mounir BenkouloucheIsabelle André
Dec 10, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Satu Mikkola
Oct 30, 2018·Bioconjugate Chemistry·Jessica H EnnistMary J Cloninger

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
phosphotransferase
genetic modification

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