Enzymes, pseudoenzymes, and moonlighting proteins: diversity of function in protein superfamilies.

The FEBS Journal
Constance J Jeffery

Abstract

As more genome sequences are elucidated, there is an increasing need for information about the functions of the millions of proteins they encode. The function of a newly sequenced protein is often estimated by sequence alignment with the sequences of proteins with known functions. However, protein superfamilies can contain members that share significant amino acid sequence and structural homology yet catalyze different reactions or act on different substrates. Some homologous proteins differ by having a second or even third function, called moonlighting proteins. More recently, it was found that most protein superfamilies also include pseudoenzymes, a protein, or a domain within a protein, that has a three-dimensional fold that resembles a conventional catalytically active enzyme, but has no catalytic activity. In this review, we discuss several examples of protein families that contain enzymes, pseudoenzymes, and moonlighting proteins. It is becoming clear that pseudoenzymes and moonlighting proteins are widespread in the evolutionary tree, and in many protein families, and they are often very similar in sequence and structure to their monofunctional and catalytically active counterparts. A greater understanding is needed to c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 8, 2020·The FEBS Journal·Colin Adrain
Dec 3, 2020·Drug Metabolism Reviews·Philip G Board, M W Anders
Feb 16, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Annalisa AdamoStefano Ugel
Apr 16, 2021·PeerJ·Zbigniew WyżewskiKrzysztof Pawłowski
Jul 9, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Carolina Rodríguez-SaavedraSobeida Sánchez-Nieto
Jun 20, 2021·The FEBS Journal·Maria Teresa PallottaUrsula Grohmann
Aug 3, 2021·Frontiers in Genetics·Alejandro Álvarez-Lugo, Arturo Becerra
Jun 29, 2021·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Constance J JefferyLeonard Pysh
Aug 31, 2021·Data in Brief·Olga BuneevaAlexei Medvedev
Sep 27, 2020·Scientific Reports·Angelika EinwichHenrik Mouritsen
Nov 14, 2021·The FEBS Journal·Andrew G McDonald, Keith F Tipton

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