Epidemiologic tools to study the influence of environmental factors on fecundity and pregnancy-related outcomes

Epidemiologic Reviews
Rémy SlamaMartine Vrijheid

Abstract

Adverse pregnancy outcomes entail a large health burden for the mother and offspring; a part of it might be avoided by better understanding the role of environmental factors in their etiology. Our aims were to review the assessment tools to characterize fecundity troubles and pregnancy-related outcomes in human populations and their sensitivity to environmental factors. For each outcome, we reviewed the possible study designs, main sources of bias, and their suggested cures. In terms of study design, for most pregnancy outcomes, cohorts with recruitment early during or even before pregnancy allow efficient characterization of pregnancy-related events, time-varying confounders, and in utero exposures that may impact birth outcomes and child health. Studies on congenital anomalies require specific designs, assessment of anomalies in medical pregnancy terminations, and, for congenital anomalies diagnosed postnatally, follow-up during several months after birth. Statistical analyses should take into account environmental exposures during the relevant time windows; survival models are an appropriate approach for fecundity, fetal loss, and gestational duration/preterm delivery. Analysis of gestational duration could distinguish pregn...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 29, 2013·American Journal of Epidemiology·Pierre Buekens
Aug 19, 2015·Environmental Research·Cathrine Carlsen BachTine Brink Henriksen
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Jul 5, 2017·Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine·Jinfeng LiuZhenguang Li
Jul 30, 2020·Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics·Annick Delvigne, Jean Vandromme

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