Epidemiological Measures in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Deutsches Ärzteblatt International
Emilio GianicoloAndré Karch

Abstract

The various epidemiological indicators used to communicate the impact of COVID-19 have different strengths and limitations. We conducted a selective literature review to identify the indicators used and to derive appropriate definitions. We calculated crude and age-adjusted indicators for selected countries. The proportion of deaths (case fatality proportion [CFP]; number of deaths/ total number of cases) is commonly used to estimate the severity of a disease. If the CFP is used for purposes of comparison, the existence of heterogeneity in the detection and registration of cases and deaths has to be taken into account. In the early phase of an epidemic, when case numbers rise rapidly, the CFP suffers from bias. For these reasons, variants have been proposed: the "confirmed CFP" (number of deaths/total number of confirmed cases), and the "delay-adjusted CFP," which considers the delay between infection with the disease and death from the disease. The indicator mortality (number of deaths/total population) has at first sight the advantage of being based on a defined denominator, the total population. During the outbreak of a disease, however, the cumulative deaths rise while the total population remains stable. The phase of the e...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 27, 2021·European Journal of Epidemiology·Emilio A L GianicoloMaria Blettner
Jan 14, 2021·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·Emilio GianicoloAndré Karch
Jan 14, 2021·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·Thomas C Erren, Peter Morfeld
Feb 10, 2021·Medizinische Klinik, Intensivmedizin und Notfallmedizin·M V KargH Dormann
Mar 13, 2021·Open Access Emergency Medicine : OAEM·Marcus ÖrgelChristian Macke
May 8, 2021·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·André Karch
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Javier M MoguerzaCésar González Fernández

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