PMID: 5173241Jun 1, 1971Paper

Epidemiology and etiology of clefts

Birth Defects Original Article Series
P Fogh-Andersen

Abstract

Epidemiologic and etiologic studies based on the international literature and Danish observations of 4500 patients show a steadily increasing incidence of human cleft deformities at birth. The incidence at present is nearly 2 per 1000. Heredity is the most important etiologic factor and is probably responsible for 25 to 50% of the cases depending on the type of cleft, whereas the influence of exogenous factors is still of unknown nature. Empiric risk figures and some examples of cleft syndromes are presented.

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Birth Defects

Birth defects encompass structural and functional alterations that occur during embryonic or fetal development and are present since birth. The cause may be genetic, environmental or unknown and can result in physical and/or mental impairment. Here is the latest research on birth defects.

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