Epidemiology of Glenohumeral Instability Related to Sporting Activities Using the FEDS (Frequency, Etiology, Direction, and Severity) Classification System: A Multicenter Analysis

Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine
Emily WagstromCarolyn M Hettrich

Abstract

Glenohumeral instability is common in athletes. There are an estimated 0.12 episodes of instability per 1000 sporting exposures. Instability can lead to time away from sport and an increased risk of shoulder arthritis. To determine the prevalence, demographic data, anatomic features, and likelihood of surgery for the different types of instability as defined by the FEDS (frequency, etiology, direction, and severity) classification system for different sports. Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Databases at 3 institutions (University of Iowa, Vanderbilt University, and University of Pennsylvania) were searched for International Classification of Diseases--Ninth Revision codes related to shoulder instability in 2010. Demographic data, symptoms, causes, imaging findings, and operative reports were obtained. Data were entered into a custom-designed REDCap online survey. Patients with subjective instability related to sporting activities were included for analysis. A total of 184 athletes had glenohumeral instability; 20.1% were female. The mean age at the time of the first instability episode was 19.0 years for both male and female patients. The most common sports were football (29.3%), basketball (19.0%), and wrestling (9.8%). Th...Continue Reading

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