Epidemiology of travellers' diarrhea

Journal of Travel Medicine
Robert Steffen

Abstract

Travellers' diarrhea (TD) continues to be the most frequent health problem in travellers with destinations in lower income parts of the world as compared with where they reside, even if that risk has slightly decreased. A systematic review was published 18 months ago; now PubMed was searched for more recent publications relating to travel, diarrhea, epidemiology, incidence, risk. A trend to decreasing incidence rates have been noted in this as compared with the last century, but TD remains frequent. The clinical picture varies from a trivial ailment to severe with subsequent hospitalization. Of great concern are long-term sequelae, particularly post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome. The most important risk factors are the destination and duration of exposure among the environmental factors, whereas the age is the most relevant host factor. Even if improved hygienic conditions in low-income countries often visited by travellers have resulted in slightly diminished incidence rates of TD, this remains a frequent health problem. Visitors to such destinations must be informed about that health risk and it is beneficial to equip them with instructions and a travel kit to enable them to some extent self-manage TD occurring abroad.

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Citations

Feb 3, 2018·Journal of Travel Medicine·Bradley A ConnorOlga Whyte
Jul 18, 2018·Journal of Travel Medicine·Mark S Riddle
Jul 18, 2018·Journal of Travel Medicine·Suvash Dawadi
Oct 13, 2018·Journal of Travel Medicine·Mark S RiddleChad K Porter
Nov 22, 2018·Journal of Travel Medicine·Mark S Riddle, Bradley A Connor
Nov 27, 2018·Journal of Travel Medicine·Mark S RiddleDavid R Tribble
Nov 1, 2017·Journal of Travel Medicine·Joseph Torresi, Robert Steffen
Sep 21, 2017·Emerging Infectious Diseases·Moataz Abd El GhanyZiad A Memish
Nov 2, 2019·Infectious Disease Clinics of North America·Sadia ShakoorRumina Hasan
Feb 19, 2021·Deutsches Ärzteblatt International·Sebastian WendtChristoph Lübbert
May 25, 2021·Gastroenterology Clinics of North America·Jeffery L Meier

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