Epigenetic alterations induced by environmental stress associated with metabolic and neurodevelopmental disorders

Environmental Epigenetics
Takeo Kubota

Abstract

Epigenetics is a gene regulation mechanism that does not depend on genomic DNA sequences but depends on chemical modification of genomic DNA and histone proteins around which DNA is wrapped. The failure of epigenetic mechanisms is known to cause various congenital disorders. It is also known that the failures of epigenetic mechanisms causes various acquired disorders since epigenetic modifications of the genome (i.e., "epigenome") are more vulnerable to environmental stress, such as malnutrition, environmental chemicals, and mental stress, than the "genome," especially during the early period of life. However, the epigenome has a reversible property since it is based on removable residues on genomic DNA. Thus, environmentally induced epigenomic alterations can be potentially restored. In fact, some medicines, especially for psychiatric diseases, are known to restore an altered epigenome, resulting in the correction of gene expression. Several lines of evidence suggest that environmentally induced epigenomic alterations are not erased completely during gametogenesis, but are transmitted to subsequent generations with disease phenotypes. In accordance with these understandings, I would like to propose the development of epigenomi...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 31, 2019·Molecular Biology and Evolution·Juntao HuRowan D H Barrett
Mar 20, 2019·Current Nutrition Reports·Andrea Fuso, Marco Lucarelli
Mar 5, 2021·Reviews in the Neurosciences·Harish IyerArvind Kumar
Sep 3, 2021·NPJ Microgravity·Atsushi HigashitaniAkira Higashibata

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
environmental stress
environmental stresses
histone acetylation

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