Epigenetic mechanisms involved in the effects of stress exposure: focus on 5-hydroxymethylcytosine

Environmental Epigenetics
Laura M HackNadine Provençal

Abstract

5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is a recently re-discovered transient intermediate in the active demethylation pathway that also appears to play an independent role in modulating gene function. Epigenetic marks, particularly 5-methylcytosine, have been widely studied in relation to stress-related disorders given the long-lasting effect that stress has on these marks. 5hmC is a good candidate for involvement in the etiology of these disorders given its elevated concentration in mammalian neurons, its dynamic regulation during development of the central nervous system, and its high variability among individuals. Although we are unaware of any studies published to date examining 5 hmC profiles in human subjects who have developed a psychiatric disorder after a life stressor, there is emerging evidence from the animal literature that 5hmC profiles are altered in the context of fear-conditioning paradigms and stress exposure, suggesting a possible role for 5hmC in the biological underpinnings of stress-related disorders. In this review, the authors examine the available approaches for profiling 5hmC and describe their advantages and disadvantages as well as discuss the studies published thus far investigating 5hmC in the context of f...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 24, 2017·BioEssays : News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology·Ying QingJiajie Diao
Nov 30, 2019·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Shui JiangKatherine J Aitchison
Jul 26, 2016·Environmental Epigenetics·Rodriguez-Martinez Heriberto
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Feb 26, 2019·Journal of Affective Disorders·Laura M HackBoadie W Dunlop
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Niki MourtziEvangelia Charmandari
Jun 21, 2018·ACS Nano·Tslil GabrieliYuval Ebenstein

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
immunoprecipitation
pull-down
PCR
pull down
ELISA
deamination
glycosylation
TAB-seq
RNA-seq
single-cell sequencing

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