Epigenetic mechanisms regulating COVID-19 infection.

Epigenetics : Official Journal of the DNA Methylation Society
Sarantis ChlamydasChristina Piperi

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-2019) outbreak originating in December 2019 in Wuhan, China has emerged as a global threat to human health. The highly contagious SARS-CoV-2 infection and transmission presents a diversity of human host and increased disease risk with advancing age, highlighting the importance of in-depth understanding of its biological properties. Structural analyses have elucidated hot spots in viral binding domains, mutations, and specific proteins in the host such as the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and the transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) to be implicated in cell entry and viral infectivity. Furthermore, epigenetic changes that regulate chromatin structure have shown a major impact in genome stabilization and maintenance of cellular homoeostasis and they have been implicated in the pathophysiology of the virus infection. Epigenetic research has revealed that global DNA methylation along with ACE2 gene methylation and post-translational histone modifications may drive differences in host tissue-, biological age- and sex-biased patterns of viral infection. Moreover, modulation of the host cells epigenetic landscape following infection represents a molecular tool used by viruses to a...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ubiquitination
sumoylation
chemical modifications
nucleic acid sequencing
pull-down
acetylation
RNA-Seq
histone acetylation

Software Mentioned

JeaMoon Map ( JMap )
Connectivity Map ( CMap )

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