Epigenetics and Vascular Diseases: Influence of Non-coding RNAs and Their Clinical Implications

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
Leonardo Elia, Manuela Quintavalle

Abstract

Epigenetics refers to heritable mechanisms able to modulate gene expression that do not involve alteration of the genomic DNA sequence. Classically, mechanisms such as DNA methylation and histone modifications were part of this classification. Today, this field of study has been expanded and includes also the large class of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Indeed, with the extraordinary possibilities introduced by the next-generation sequencing approaches, our knowledge of the mammalian transcriptome has greatly improved. Today, we have identifying thousands of ncRNAs, and unsurprisingly, a direct association between ncRNA dysregulation and development of cardiovascular pathologies has been identified. This class of gene modulators is further divided into short-ncRNAs and long-non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). Among the short-ncRNA sub-group, the best-characterized players are represented by highly conserved RNAs named microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs principally inhibit gene expression, and their involvement in cardiovascular diseases has been largely studied. On the other hand, due to the different roles played by lncRNAs, their involvement in cardiovascular pathology development is still limited, and further studies are needed. For instance, in...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 14, 2018·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·Wen-Juan NiXiao-Min Leng
Mar 21, 2018·The Journal of Clinical Investigation·Leonardo EliaManuela Quintavalle
Mar 29, 2020·Circulation Research·Floriana Maria FarinaManuela Quintavalle
May 8, 2018·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·Wen-Juan NiXiao-Min Leng
Jan 21, 2021·Clinical Epigenetics·Anna RugowskaPatryk Konieczny
Dec 24, 2019·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Basis of Disease·Vicki VaniaGuixue Wang
Sep 23, 2021·EMBO Molecular Medicine·Ignacio Fernando HallLeonardo Elia

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
antisense oligonucleotides

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT01200420
NCT01829971
NCT02855268

Software Mentioned

Regulus

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