Epigenetics of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Michelle T Siu, Rosanna Weksberg

Abstract

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD), one of the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), is diagnosed in 1 of every 68 children. ASD is incredibly heterogeneous both clinically and aetiologically. The etiopathogenesis of ASD is known to be complex, including genetic, environmental and epigenetic factors. Normal epigenetic marks modifiable by both genetics and environmental exposures can result in epigenetic alterations that disrupt the regulation of gene expression, negatively impacting biological pathways important for brain development. In this chapter we aim to summarize some of the important literature that supports a role for epigenetics in the underlying molecular mechanism of ASD. We provide evidence from work in genetics, from environmental exposures and finally from more recent studies aimed at directly determining ASD-specific epigenetic patterns, focusing mainly on DNA methylation (DNAm). Finally, we briefly discuss some of the implications of current research on potential epigenetic targets for therapeutics and novel avenues for future work.

Citations

Dec 21, 2018·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Sven BöltePeter B Marschik
Mar 5, 2020·Journal of Molecular Neuroscience : MN·Wafaa A KandeelDoaa Y Hammad
Sep 11, 2019·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Alyssa Blesson, Julie S Cohen
Dec 5, 2019·BMJ Open Ophthalmology·Katie KerrAmy Jayne McKnight
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Sep 4, 2020·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Perla GergesWalid Hleihel
Sep 25, 2017·Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences·Mary M Y Waye, Ho Yu Cheng
Jul 28, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Theoharis C TheoharidesIrene Tsilioni
Jun 30, 2019·Trends in Neurosciences·Donald Pfaff, Helen Barbas
Jan 9, 2021·Clinical Epigenetics·Nicolás GarridoMichael K Skinner
Aug 21, 2021·Autism : the International Journal of Research and Practice·Salvador Marí-BausetMaría Morales Suárez-Varela
Oct 23, 2021·Frontiers in Pediatrics·María Victoria García-OrtizJuan Luis Perez-Navero

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