Epithelial cells are a source of natural IgM that contribute to innate immune responses

The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology
Wenwei ShaoXiaoyan Qiu

Abstract

Currently, natural IgM antibodies are considered to be the constitutively secreted products of B-1 cells in mice and humans. In this study, we found that mouse epithelial cells, including liver epithelial cells and small intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), could express IgM that also showed natural antibody activity. Moreover, similar to the B-1 cell-derived natural IgM that can be upregulated by TLR9 agonists (mimicking bacterial infection), the expression of epithelial cell-derived natural IgM could also be significantly increased by TLR9 signaling. More importantly, the epithelial cell-derived IgM was polyreactive, and it could recognize single-stranded DNA (ssDNA), double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and insulin with low affinity; additionally, TLR9 agonists could enhance it in a MyD88-dependent manner. Furthermore, epithelial cell-derived IgM could bind various bacteria; therefore, it could be involved in anti-infection responses. Together, these results highlight the fact that epithelial cells are an important source of natural IgM, in addition to that produced by B-1 cells, and IgM contributes to the innate immune responses in local tissues, further demonstrating that the epithelium is a first line of ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 11, 2017·The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology·Zhu ZhuBin Wang
Mar 29, 2019·World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology·Zi-Han GengXiao-Yan Qiu
Dec 16, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Sha YinJing Huang

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