Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Gastric Carcinoma: Use of Host Cell Machineries and Somatic Gene Mutations

Pathobiology : Journal of Immunopathology, Molecular and Cellular Biology
Hiroyuki AbeM Fukayama

Abstract

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is a distinct subtype of gastric carcinoma, consisting of clonal growth of EBV-infected epithelial cells. Its unique characteristics have been demonstrated by epidemiological, clinical and pathological studies using in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded small RNAs. An oncogenic process for EBVaGC has also been revealed. EBV uses various host-cell machineries, including cell division machinery to propagate clonal virus genomes, DNA-methylation machinery to epigenetically control infected cells, and microRNA and exosome machineries to modify the behavior and microenvironment of infected cells. Recent comprehensive molecular analyses from The Cancer Genome Atlas project demonstrate that EBVaGC is a representative molecular subtype that is distinct from microsatellite unstable, genomically stable and chromosome unstable subtypes. In addition to having the highest level of DNA methylation in CpG islands of promoter regions, EBVaGC harbors particular gene alterations, including a high frequency of mutations in PIK3CA and ARID1A, mutation in BCOR, and amplification of PD-L1 and PD-L2. Although currently undetermined, the virus might use the altered cellular functions that ...Continue Reading

Citations

Jul 25, 2017·APMIS : Acta Pathologica, Microbiologica, Et Immunologica Scandinavica·Jung Yeon KimKyeongmee Park
Jun 3, 2018·International Endodontic Journal·K MakinoB Ogiso
Dec 15, 2019·Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology·Masashi FukayamaAtsushi Kaneda
Oct 1, 2019·European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology·Evita GasenkoMarcis Leja
Apr 20, 2017·Journal of Oncology·Shyam Singh, Hem Chandra Jha
Dec 10, 2016·Modern Pathology : an Official Journal of the United States and Canadian Academy of Pathology, Inc·Ruri SaitoMasashi Fukayama
Mar 15, 2018·Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology·Hiroyuki AbeMasashi Fukayama
Feb 13, 2019·Molecular Medicine Reports·Huan ZhouXiangtao Lin
Aug 27, 2019·Frontiers in Oncology·Claire Shannon-Lowe, Alan Rickinson
Jun 9, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Lara AlessandriniVincenzo Canzonieri
Jun 9, 2020·Gastric Cancer : Official Journal of the International Gastric Cancer Association and the Japanese Gastric Cancer Association·Leo YamadaKoji Kono
Aug 2, 2020·Cancer Letters·Qingyu LuoZhihua Liu

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