ER network formation and membrane fusion by atlastin1/SPG3A disease variants

Molecular Biology of the Cell
Idil UlenginTina H Lee

Abstract

At least 38 distinct missense mutations in the neuronal atlastin1/SPG3A GTPase are implicated in an autosomal dominant form of hereditary spastic paraplegia (HSP), a motor-neurological disorder manifested by lower limb weakness and spasticity and length-dependent axonopathy of corticospinal motor neurons. Because the atlastin GTPase is sufficient to catalyze membrane fusion and required to form the ER network, at least in nonneuronal cells, it is logically assumed that defects in ER membrane morphogenesis due to impaired fusion activity are the primary drivers of SPG3A-associated HSP. Here we analyzed a subset of established atlastin1/SPG3A disease variants using cell-based assays for atlastin-mediated ER network formation and biochemical assays for atlastin-catalyzed GTP hydrolysis, dimer formation, and membrane fusion. As anticipated, some variants exhibited clear deficits. Surprisingly however, at least two disease variants, one of which represents that most frequently identified in SPG3A HSP patients, displayed wild-type levels of activity in all assays. The same variants were also capable of co-redistributing ER-localized REEP1, a recently identified function of atlastins that requires its catalytic activity. Taken togethe...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 16, 2016·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·Agnese De MarioMarta Giacomello
Sep 28, 2016·Experimental Cell Research·Guohua ZhaoCraig Blackstone
Feb 6, 2019·Nature Communications·Xianzhuang LiuKang Shen
Nov 29, 2017·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·John P O'DonnellHolger Sondermann
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Nov 2, 2016·Molecular Biology of the Cell·Kavitha RaoMelissa M Rolls
Nov 13, 2020·Frontiers in Neuroscience·Aldo MontagnaAndrea Daga
Nov 25, 2021·The Journal of Cell Biology·Daniel CrosbyTina H Lee

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
GTPase
GTPases
protein folding
transfection
confocal microscopy
fluorescence resonance
transfections
PCR
scraping
Assay

Software Mentioned

Excel
ImageJ
Photoshop
Micromanager

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