PMID: 15382848Sep 24, 2004Paper

Escherichia coli sampling reliability at a frequently closed Chicago Beach: monitoring and management implications

Environmental Science & Technology
Richard L Whitman, Meredith B Nevers

Abstract

Monitoring beaches for recreational water quality is becoming more common, but few sampling designs or policy approaches have evaluated the efficacy of monitoring programs. The authors intensively sampled water for E. coli (N=1770) at 63rd Street Beach, Chicago for 6 months in 2000 in order to (1) characterize spatial-temporal trends, (2) determine between and within transect variation, and (3) estimate sample size requirements and determine sampling reliability. E. coli counts were highly variable within and between sampling sites but spatially and diurnally autocorrelated. Variation in counts decreased with water depth and time of day. Required number of samples was high for 70% precision around the critical closure level (i.e., 6 within or 24 between transect replicates). Since spatial replication may be cost prohibitive, composite sampling is an alternative once sources of error have been well defined. The results suggest that beach monitoring programs may be requiring too few samples to fulfill management objectives desired. As the recreational water quality national database is developed, it is important that sampling strategies are empirically derived from a thorough understanding of the sources of variation and the reli...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jan 7, 2011·Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology·Peter Roslev, Annette S Bukh
Dec 15, 2012·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Vincent N ChigorAnthony I Okoh
Nov 9, 2011·Environmental Science & Technology·Meredith B Nevers, Richard L Whitman
Mar 7, 2013·Environmental Science & Technology·Meredith B NeversRichard L Whitman
May 7, 2010·Journal of Environmental Monitoring : JEM·Meredith B Nevers, Richard L Whitman
Sep 19, 2006·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Richard L WhitmanMuruleedhara N Byappanahalli
Sep 4, 2012·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Lauren M SassoubreAlexandria B Boehm
Feb 20, 2007·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Donald M Stoeckel, Valerie J Harwood
Dec 4, 2012·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·Muruleedhara N ByappanahalliValerie J Harwood
Jan 27, 2010·Environmental Health Perspectives·Samuel DorevitchRichard L Whitman
Jan 31, 2016·Environmental Science & Technology·Ammar SafaieMantha S Phanikumar
Jan 23, 2013·International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health·Bianca SchippmannUlf Gräwe
Nov 28, 2015·Journal of Environmental Management·Zeinab BedriBartholomew Masterson
Apr 23, 2015·Letters in Applied Microbiology·K M YamaharaC A Scholin
Jan 12, 2007·Canadian Journal of Microbiology·Cindy L MeaysMansour Samadpour
Dec 22, 2006·Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part A, Toxic/hazardous Substances & Environmental Engineering·Anna K Yeung-Cheung, Nadilynn J Melendez
Oct 3, 2018·Journal of Environmental Quality·Meredith B NeversMantha S Phanikumar
Oct 3, 2018·Journal of Environmental Quality·Muruleedhara N ByappanahalliChristopher Otto
Oct 31, 2009·Journal of Environmental Quality·Meredith B NeversRichard L Whitman
May 14, 2017·Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source·Samuel DorevitchIra Heimler
Jun 17, 2020·Current Environmental Health Reports·David A Holcomb, Jill R Stewart
Jan 21, 2021·Environmental Science & Technology·Ryan T Searcy, Alexandria B Boehm
May 8, 2018·The Science of the Total Environment·Chelsea J Weiskerger, Richard L Whitman
Dec 10, 2014·Environmental Science & Technology·W ThoeA B Boehm
Sep 8, 2006·Environmental Science & Technology·Elena Traister, Shimon C Anisfeld
Jan 19, 2008·Environmental Science & Technology·Alexandria B Boehm
Sep 27, 2006·Environmental Science & Technology·Cindy L MeaysMansour Samadpour

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