Essential roles of G9a in cell proliferation and differentiation during tooth development

Experimental Cell Research
Taichi KamiuntenAkira Nifuji

Abstract

Teeth develop through interactions between epithelial and mesenchymal tissues mediated by a signaling network comprised of growth factors and transcription factors. However, little is known about how epigenetic modifiers affect signaling pathways and thereby regulate tooth formation. We previously reported that the histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) methyltransferase (MTase) G9a is specifically enriched in the tooth mesenchyme during mouse development. In this study, we investigated the functions of G9a in tooth development using G9a conditional knockout (KO) mice. We used Sox9-Cre mice to delete G9a in the tooth mesenchyme because Sox9 is highly expressed in the mesenchyme derived from the cranial neural crest. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed that G9a expression was significantly decreased in the mesenchyme of Sox9-Cre;G9afl/fl (G9a cKO) mice compared with that in Sox9-Cre;G9a fl/+(control) mice. Protein levels of the G9a substrate H3K9me2 were also decreased in the tooth mesenchyme. G9a cKO mice showed smaller tooth germ after embryonic day (E) 16.5 and E17.5, but not at E15.5. The developing cusp tips, which were visible in control mice, were absent in G9a cKO mice at E17.5. At 3 weeks after birth, small first molars with small...Continue Reading

References

Mar 8, 2000·Mechanisms of Development·J Jernvall, I Thesleff
Sep 6, 2012·Development·Jukka Jernvall, Irma Thesleff

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Citations

Oct 28, 2019·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Chao YinHongjuan Cui
Dec 29, 2019·Oral Diseases·Mengjia YuGuoli Yang

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