Estimating community drug abuse by wastewater analysis.

Environmental Health Perspectives
Ettore ZuccatoRoberto Fanelli

Abstract

The social and medical problems of drug abuse are a matter of increasing global concern. To tackle drug abuse in changing scenarios, international drug agencies need fresh methods to monitor trends and patterns of illicit drug consumption. We tested a sewage epidemiology approach, using levels of excreted drug residues in wastewater, to monitor collective use of the major drugs of abuse in near real time. Selected drug target residues derived from use of cocaine, opiates, cannabis, and amphetamines were measured by mass spectrometry in wastewater collected at major sewage treatment plants in Milan (Italy), Lugano (Switzerland), and London (United Kingdom). The amounts of drug residues conveyed to the treatment plants, reflecting the amounts collectively excreted with urine, were used to estimate consumption of the active parent drugs. Reproducible and characteristic profiles of illicit drug use were obtained in the three cities, thus for the first time quickly revealing changes in local consumption (e.g., cocaine consumption rose significantly on weekends in Milan). Profiles of local drug consumption based on waste-water measurements are in line with national annual prevalence estimates. Patterns and trends of drug abuse in loc...Continue Reading

References

Jan 16, 2003·The Science of the Total Environment·G D'AscenzoR Samperi
Jun 15, 2005·Environmental Science & Technology·Richard H LindbergBarbro A V Andersson
Aug 9, 2005·Environmental Health : a Global Access Science Source·Ettore ZuccatoRoberto Fanelli
Apr 7, 2006·Nature Medicine·Alan Dove
Apr 19, 2008·Mass Spectrometry Reviews·Sara CastiglioniRenzo Bagnati

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 23, 2014·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Lubertus BijlsmaFélix Hernández
Aug 19, 2014·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Markus R Meyer
Aug 18, 2009·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Alexander L N van NuijsAdrian Covaci
Jul 6, 2014·Environment International·Angelo CecinatoCatia Balducci
Jul 27, 2014·Journal of Hazardous Materials·E J Rosi-MarshallJ L Tank
Sep 25, 2010·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Kevin J BiscegliaKatrice A Lippa
Dec 8, 2011·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Kevin J BiscegliaKatrice A Lippa
Sep 9, 2009·Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences·Ettore Zuccato, Sara Castiglioni
Apr 22, 2011·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Aurea C Chiaia-HernandezJennifer A Field
Feb 16, 2016·Drug and Alcohol Dependence·Ettore ZuccatoGiovanni Serpelloni
Mar 3, 2010·Ultrastructural Pathology·Jacques Gilloteaux, Nelson N Ekwedike
Jan 19, 2016·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Agnieszka KlupczynskaZenon J Kokot
Jan 2, 2015·The Science of the Total Environment·Nubia V HeuettPiero R Gardinali
May 2, 2015·The Science of the Total Environment·Ki Yong KimJeong-Eun Oh
Feb 9, 2013·Water Research·Monique van der AaPim de Voogt
Jan 1, 2013·The Science of the Total Environment·Russell F Mankes, Charles D Silver
Jul 27, 2012·Environment International·David R BakerBarbara Kasprzyk-Hordern
Jul 22, 2015·The Science of the Total Environment·Tania Rodríguez-ÁlvarezSara Castiglioni
Aug 1, 2015·The Science of the Total Environment·Benjamin J TscharkeJason M White
May 11, 2012·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Alexander L N van NuijsAdrian Covaci
Mar 13, 2012·The Science of the Total Environment·Barbara Kasprzyk-Hordern, David R Baker
Nov 15, 2011·The Science of the Total Environment·Angelo CecinatoFranco Cofone
Jun 21, 2011·Environment International·Usman Khan, Jim A Nicell
Mar 11, 2011·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Rodney J IrvineJason M White
Jul 27, 2010·Environment International·Cristina PostigoDamià Barceló
Mar 5, 2016·Environmental Pollution·Kaiyang LiXiqing Li
Jul 6, 2010·The Science of the Total Environment·Alexander L N van NuijsAdrian Covaci
May 8, 2010·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Sara KarolakYves Levi
Dec 12, 2012·Environmental Science & Technology·Stephen R HughesLee E Brown
May 27, 2009·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Francesco MariElisabetta Bertol

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.