Estimation of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) co-consumption in serum samples of drivers positive for amphetamine or ecstasy

Forensic Science International : Synergy
S LottB Madea

Abstract

There is no toxicological analysis of gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) applied routinely in cases of driving under influence (DUI); therefore the extent of consumption of this drug might be underestimated. Its consumption is described as occurring often concurrently with amphetamine or ecstasy. This study examines 196 serum samples which were collected by police during road side testing for GHB. The samples subject to this study have already been found to be positive for amphetamine, methamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA), 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and/or 3,4-methylenedioxyethamphetamine (MDEA). Analysis has been performed by LC/MS/MS in the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode. Due to its polarity, chromatographic separation of GHB was achieved by a HILIC column. To differentiate endogenous and exogenous levels of GHB, a cut-off concentration of 4μg/ml was applied. Of the 196 samples, two have been found to be positive for GHB. Of these samples, one sample was also positive for amphetamine and one for MDMA. Whilst other amphetamine derivates were not detected in these samples, both samples were found to be positive for cannabinoids. These results suggest that co-consumption of GHB with amphetamine or...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 29, 2013·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Marek DziadoszJörg Teske
Mar 19, 2014·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Marek DziadoszJörg Teske
Feb 7, 2014·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Ann-Sofie M E IngelsChristophe P Stove
Jan 18, 2016·Forensic Science International : Synergy·Lena-Maria MehlingCornelius Hess
Dec 19, 2015·Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis·André L CastroHelena M Teixeira
Feb 24, 2015·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Marek Dziadosz
Sep 25, 2017·Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine·Desiree Madah-AmiriGuttorm Brattebø

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