Estimation of sleep stages in a healthy adult population from optical plethysmography and accelerometer signals

Physiological Measurement
Z BeattieC Heneghan

Abstract

This paper aims to report on the accuracy of estimating sleep stages using a wrist-worn device that measures movement using a 3D accelerometer and an optical pulse photoplethysmograph (PPG). Overnight recordings were obtained from 60 adult participants wearing these devices on their left and right wrist, simultaneously with a Type III home sleep testing device (Embletta MPR) which included EEG channels for sleep staging. The 60 participants were self-reported normal sleepers (36 M: 24 F, age  =  34  ±  10, BMI  =  28  ±  6). The Embletta recordings were scored for sleep stages using AASM guidelines and were used to develop and validate an automated sleep stage estimation algorithm, which labeled sleep stages as one of Wake, Light (N1 or N2), Deep (N3) and REM (REM). Features were extracted from the accelerometer and PPG sensors, which reflected movement, breathing and heart rate variability. Based on leave-one-out validation, the overall per-epoch accuracy of the automated algorithm was 69%, with a Cohen's kappa of 0.52  ±  0.14. There was no observable bias to under- or over-estimate wake, light, or deep sleep durations. REM sleep duration was slightly over-estimated by the system. The most common misclassifications were light...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 6, 2018·Physiological Measurement·Pedro FonsecaRonald M Aarts
Jan 22, 2019·JMIR Research Protocols·Sean DeeringCarl J Stepnowsky
Nov 14, 2019·Chronobiology International·Shahab HaghayeghRichard J Castriotta
Dec 31, 2019·NPJ Digital Medicine·Alexander J BoeArun Jayaraman
May 20, 2020·Physiological Measurement·Mohammod Abdul MotinThomas Penzel
Jun 20, 2020·PloS One·Marius KellerKatja Petrowski
Feb 23, 2019·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Massimiliano de ZambottiFiona C Baker
Nov 30, 2019·Journal of Medical Internet Research·Shahab HaghayeghRichard J Castriotta
Sep 5, 2020·NPJ Digital Medicine·Niranjan SridharLance Myers
Dec 12, 2020·PloS One·Nanna J MouritzenTroels W Kjær
Jan 13, 2021·Scientific Reports·Tommaso BanfiUgo Faraguna
Dec 11, 2020·NPJ Digital Medicine·Aravind NatarajanConor Heneghan
Mar 5, 2021·Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine·Jessie P BakkerPeter Anderer
Dec 20, 2020·NPJ Digital Medicine·Alexander J BoeArun Jayaraman
Feb 19, 2021·NPJ Digital Medicine·Niranjan SridharLance Myers
Sep 10, 2019·Journal of Psychosomatic Research·Thomas SvenssonAkiko Kishi Svensson
Dec 14, 2019·Current Opinion in Biomedical Engineering·Daniel WittJessilyn Dunn
Apr 2, 2021·Chronobiology International·Luca MenghiniMassimiliano de Zambotti
Apr 16, 2021·Scientific Reports·Christoph Hoog AntinkAntti Vehkaoja
May 1, 2021·Sensors·Ramona S VulcanMarie Bruyneel
Mar 25, 2021·Physiological Measurement·Qiao LiGari D Clifford
Jul 9, 2021·Nature and Science of Sleep·Bernice M WulterkensSebastiaan Overeem

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