Abstract
For many years before the first case-control studies showing an increased risk of endometrial cancer among menopausal estrogen users were published, a considerable body of circumstantial evidence accumulated suggesting a tumor-promoting role for estrogens in specific target organs. In regard to endometrial cancer, an "estrogen hypothesis" has evolved based on observations such as an increased incidence of endometrial cancer in patients with chronic anovulation and in patients with estrogen-secreting ovarian tumors; development of endometrial cancer in certain estrogen treated animals; and successful treatment of some metastatic endometrial cancer with progesterone. Since 1975, a number of case-control studies have appeared relating estrogen treatment of menopausal women to a rising incidence of endometrial cancer. The same cannot be said, with a few exceptions, of studies of breast and ovarian cancer. An understanding of the physiology of the estrogens, particularly in obese women, aids in understanding the possible role of estrogen in promoting endometrial neoplasia. Although the case for estrogens promoting some forms of endometrial cancer is strong, at the present time it cannot unequivocally be stated that estrogens cause a...Continue Reading
References
Sep 1, 1979·Lancet·M H ThomJ W Studd
Dec 4, 1975·The New England Journal of Medicine·H K Ziel, W D Finkle
Jun 3, 1976·The New England Journal of Medicine·T M MackS E Brown
Aug 19, 1976·The New England Journal of Medicine·R HooverB MacMahon
Mar 15, 1977·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·T W McDonaldL T Kurland
Jan 4, 1979·The New England Journal of Medicine·C M AntunesR Garcia
Jul 1, 1979·Obstetrics and Gynecology·L E NachtigallE M Beckman
Jan 1, 1979·Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica. Supplement·R D Gambrell
Aug 1, 1978·Cancer·K S McCartyW T Creasman
May 15, 1979·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·W E Lucas, S S Yen
Jan 1, 1978·Journal of the American Geriatrics Society·R B Greenblatt, L D Stoddard
Feb 15, 1978·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·P C MacDonaldP K Siiteri
Nov 16, 1978·The New England Journal of Medicine·R I Horwitz, A R Feinstein
Feb 1, 1979·The New England Journal of Medicine·H JickA M Walker
Feb 1, 1977·Cancer·S G SilverbergW D Roche
Oct 1, 1976·Journal of Biosocial Science·M VesseyP Wiggins
Dec 4, 1975·The New England Journal of Medicine·D C SmithW L Herrmann
Jun 3, 1976·The New England Journal of Medicine·N S WeissD F Austin
Feb 18, 1971·The New England Journal of Medicine·B W O'Malley
Jun 15, 1980·Cancer·K I BlandL A Gray
Mar 6, 1980·The New England Journal of Medicine·N S Weiss, T A Sayvetz
May 1, 1980·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·F R JelovsekR T Parker
Jun 15, 1980·Cancer·N D BloomG A Degenshein
Jun 15, 1980·Cancer·J K MacFarlaneA G Fazekas
Jun 15, 1980·Cancer·S G SilverbergJ V Sutherland
May 1, 1957·Cancer·W A MEISSNERG SHERMAN
Dec 1, 1963·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·S B GUSBERG