Abstract
Objective. To study the effects of estrogen on colon polyp formation, proliferation, and angiogenesis on a rat model of colon cancer induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH). Methods. Thirty-six female ovariectomized (OVX) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: (I) control group (administrated with vehicles weekly), (II) DMH group (administrated with DMH weekly), and (III) DMH + E2 group (administrated with DMH and 17β-estradiol weekly). The incidence, volumes, and multiplicity of colon polyps in each group were evaluated. The microvessel density (MVD), the expressions of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen (PCNA), and the expressions of HIF-1 α and VEGF in polyps were detected in each group. Results. Estrogen reduced the multiplicity, volumes, and the PCNA expressions of DMH-induced colon polyps. The MVD in DMH + E2 group was significantly lower than that in DMH group. Estrogen treatment decreased the HIF-1 α and VEGF expressions at both mRNA and protein level. Conclusion. Estrogen replacement was protective for ovariectomized rats from DMH-induced carcinogenesis, and one of the mechanisms for this was due to estrogen's inhibitive effects on blood vessel formation by downregulating VEGF and HIF-1 α expressions.
References
Jan 3, 1991·The New England Journal of Medicine·N WeidnerJ Folkman
Mar 1, 1993·European Journal of Cancer Prevention : the Official Journal of the European Cancer Prevention Organisation (ECP)·J J DeCosseW J Cennerazzo
May 21, 1999·The American Journal of Medicine·F GrodsteinM J Stampfer
Sep 5, 2002·The Journal of Endocrinology·Y QiuM C Eggo
Mar 5, 2004·The New England Journal of Medicine·Rowan T ChlebowskiUNKNOWN Women's Health Initiative Investigators
May 19, 2004·FEBS Letters·Jennifer ChengGwendal Lazennec
Aug 6, 2004·Endocrine Reviews·Napoleone Ferrara
Jun 11, 2005·Endocrine-related Cancer·Valentina MartinetiMaria Luisa Brandi
Dec 16, 2005·Nature·Peter Carmeliet
Aug 26, 2006·Cell Cycle·George N NaumovJudah Folkman
Dec 6, 2006·Cancer Research·Johan HartmanJan-Ake Gustafsson
Feb 3, 2007·Endocrinology·Armina A Kazi, Robert D Koos
May 31, 2007·The Journal of Endocrinology·Oliver TreeckOlaf Ortmann
Nov 23, 2007·The Cancer Journal·Farbod Shojaei, Napoleone Ferrara
Nov 28, 2008·Carcinogenesis·Daniel W RosenbergTakuji Tanaka
Jan 15, 2009·The Journal of Nutrition·Jayadev RajuRekha Mehta
Apr 14, 2009·Molecular Biology Reports·Fei XuShouyuan Tang
Nov 12, 2009·Cancer Research·Charles C WeigeClinton D Allred
Mar 20, 2010·Tumour Biology : the Journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine·Heather R WilkinsNicole Johnson
Apr 14, 2010·Cancer Cell·Paul MakArthur M Mercurio
Mar 7, 2012·Toxicology and Industrial Health·Tolga ErtekinHarun Ulger
Citations
Apr 27, 2016·The British Journal of Surgery·J SegelmanY Lu
Oct 21, 2016·International Journal of Surgery·Ganfeng LuoKe Li
Sep 4, 2019·PloS One·Yazad D IraniKeryn A Williams
Sep 13, 2019·Nutrients·Chih-Wei LeeChun-Kuang Shih
Dec 29, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Maria AbancensBrian J Harvey
Jan 14, 2020·Physiological Research·I HerichovaM Zeman