Ethyl Acetate Extract of Selaginella doederleinii Hieron Induces Cell Autophagic Death and Apoptosis in Colorectal Cancer via PI3K-Akt-mTOR and AMPKα-Signaling Pathways

Frontiers in Pharmacology
Shaoguang LiHong Yao

Abstract

Colorectal cancer is one type of cancer with high incidence rate and high mortality worldwide. Thus, developing new chemotherapeutic drugs is important. The Selaginella doederleinii Hieron ethyl acetate (SDEA) extract showed good anti-colon cancer effect in vitro and in vivo, but its mechanism is unclear. This study aimed to further reveal the anti-colon cancer effect of SDEA and its possible mechanism. The effects on cell viability, apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle in colorectal cells (HT29 and HCT116) were studied using MTT assay, fluorescence microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. The mechanisms were further studied using cell transfection, Western blot, and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction assay. The effect of xenotransplantation in vivo was observed using immunohistochemistry. Results showed that SDEA inhibited cell proliferation and induced cell morphological changes, cell cycle arrest, autophagy, and apoptosis. It also induced loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, increased the autophagic flux, raised the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, activated caspases, and inhibited PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathways. Furthermore, SDEA inhibited the growth of xenograft tumors in a dose-dependent m...Continue Reading

References

Dec 7, 2013·African Journal of Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicines : AJTCAM·Rong LianJian-Bin Yang
Nov 5, 2014·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Ko-Chung TsuiJyh-Feng Lu
May 18, 2016·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Xiaoke ZhengWeisheng Feng
Jun 12, 2016·Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology·Victor KueteThomas Efferth
Nov 14, 2016·Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte·Yuxia SuiXinhua Lin
Feb 24, 2017·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Hong YaoXinhua Lin
Feb 24, 2018·Cancer Letters·Mohammad Amin MoosaviAtanas G Atanasov
Mar 20, 2019·Advances in Cancer Research·Leilei ZhangKenneth D Tew
May 22, 2019·Natural Product Research·Li-Fei LiuGui-Shan Tan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
xenograft
flow cytometry
PCR
xenografts
transmission electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

SDEA

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Apoptotic Caspases

Apoptotic caspases belong to the protease enzyme family and are known to play an essential role in inflammation and programmed cell death. Here is the latest research.

Autophagy & Metabolism

Autophagy preserves the health of cells and tissues by replacing outdated and damaged cellular components with fresh ones. In starvation, it provides an internal source of nutrients for energy generation and, thus, survival. A powerful promoter of metabolic homeostasis at both the cellular and whole-animal level, autophagy prevents degenerative diseases. It does have a downside, however--cancer cells exploit it to survive in nutrient-poor tumors.

Autophagy & Model Organisms

Autophagy is a cellular process that allows degradation by the lysosome of cytoplasmic components such as proteins or organelles. Here is the latest research on autophagy & model organisms

Apoptosis in Cancer

Apoptosis is an important mechanism in cancer. By evading apoptosis, tumors can continue to grow without regulation and metastasize systemically. Many therapies are evaluating the use of pro-apoptotic activation to eliminate cancer growth. Here is the latest research on apoptosis in cancer.

Parkinson's Disease & Autophagy (MDS)

Autophagy leads to degradation of damaged proteins and organelles by the lysosome. Impaired autophagy has been implicated in several diseases. Here is the role of autophagy in Parkinson’s disease.

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis

Autophagy & Disease

Autophagy is an important cellular process for normal physiology and both elevated and decreased levels of autophagy are associated with disease. Here is the latest research.