PMID: 6404016Mar 1, 1983Paper

Etiology, clinical manifestations and prognosis of radiation nephritis

Strahlentherapie
H D Böttcher, E Schnepper

Abstract

If the irradiation field of a megavoltage therapy extends over one kidney or a part of it, blood pressure reactions suggest in some cases an affection of the kidney. These reactions may already occur after doses of 5 to 20 Gy. After higher doses, a number of symptoms may appear which have been classified into three clinical groups by Sarre and Moser and even into five groups by Luxton and Kunkler. They show histologic manifestations in the glomeruli and tubuli and are mostly progressive. In case of radiotherapy alone, the threshold doses are 20 to 25 Gy. After a latent time of several months, these patients may present renal insufficiency and hypertonia, leading eventually to death in an acute stage, chronic development with preponderant renal insufficiency, hypertonia, or incomplete healing. These doses are considerably lower in children. It has been proved recently that these threshold doses are considerably reduced by combined chemotherapy, too even if the cytostatic drugs alone have no nephrotoxic potential. This is verified by our experimentations on animals. If only a little part of the kidney is situated within the irradiation field, e.g. the upper renal pole in case of an irradiation of the spleen, a significantly reduc...Continue Reading

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