Eugenol Attenuates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Enhancing Autophagy via AMPK-mTOR-P70S6K Pathway

Frontiers in Pharmacology
Xiaowei SunXicheng Jiang

Abstract

Eugenol, as an active compound isolated from Acorus gramineus, has been shown to protect against cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Nonetheless, the detailed neuroprotective mechanisms of eugenol in cerebral I/R injury have not been elaborated. In the present study, cerebral I/R injury model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. HT22 cells were subjected to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) to mimic cerebral I/R injury in vitro. The results showed that eugenol pre-treatment relieved cerebral I/R injury as evidenced by improving neurological deficits and reducing infarct volume. Autophagy was induced by MCAO, which was further promoted by eugenol administration. Moreover, rapamycin, an activator of autophagy, promoted eugenol-induced decreases in neurological score, infarct volume, brain water content, and apoptosis. However, pretreatment with 3-MA, an inhibitor of autophagy, led to the opposite results. Similarly, eugenol pretreatment increased the viability and restrained apoptosis of OGD/R-challenged HT22 cells. OGD/R-induced autophagy was strengthened by eugenol. Mechanically, eugenol promoted autophagy through regulating AMPK/mTOR/P70S6K signaling pathway in vivo and in vi...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 13, 2020·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·FengZhi LiuLingqun Zhu
Jul 12, 2020·Pharmacological Research : the Official Journal of the Italian Pharmacological Society·Fatemeh AbbaszadehHaroon Khan
Apr 7, 2021·Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Amir AjoolabadyJun Ren
Sep 3, 2021·Neural Regeneration Research·Tian-Hao LiYu-Ru Luo

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electrophoresis
transmission electron microscopy

Software Mentioned

- Pro - Analyzer
GraphPad Prism
Image
Image Pro - Plus
Gel
ProPlus

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